Congenital leukaemia presenting as bilateral renal masses.

Congenital leukemia is a rare and poorly defined disease. Many authors define it as leukemia occurring from birth to four week. Others recognize it as being synonymous with leukemia of the neonatal period and infancy. It is commonly acute myeloblastic but may be acute lymphoblastic or juvenile myeloid in type. It is associated with several trisomies, especially trisomy 21. Trisomy 13, trisomy 153 and several translocations such as translocation x:6, translocation 4:11 and monosomy 7. Other associations include ElIis-Van-Creveld syndrome, absence of radii, patent ductus arteriosus, Klippel-fiel syndrome, atrial and ventricular septal defects. Non-immune hydrops caused by congenital leukemia has also been reportede. One recognized peculiarity is the frequency of skin infiltration which is associated with poor prognosis. Organ involvement is common and leads to hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and nephromegaly. Renal involvement can occur with or without dysfunction and is due to infiltration with leukemic cells or hypertrophy due to metabolic burden imposed by the malignancy. We are reporting an unusual case of congenital acute lymphoblastic leukemia presenting with bilateral renal masses.